The United States Navy and security partners will patrol Middle East waters with 100 unmanned vessels next year to improve deterrence against attacks, like those presented by Iran, the U.S. Fifth Fleet Commander said, Reuters reported.

The region is vital for global trade, especially oil supplies that flow out of the Gulf via the Strait of Hormuz.

There have been high-seas confrontations between U.S. and Iranian forces with attacks on oil tankers in Gulf waters in 2019. Sanctions-hit Iran denied accusations of responsibility.

Last year the U.S. Navy established a new task force to integrate drone systems and artificial intelligence into the maritime operations of its Bahrain-stationed Fifth Fleet.

“We are at the cusp of an unmanned technological revolution,” Vice Admiral Brad Cooper said at last week’s UMEX/SimTEX Conference in Abu Dhabi, where he unveiled plans for the joint fleet.

“By the summer of next year, 100 advanced unmanned surface vessels would be patrolling the waters around this region.”

Cooper said the United States would join with Middle East allies whose forces have unmanned vessel capabilities to operate much of the new fleet to boost deterrence and threat detection and better secure critical waterways.

Israel and the United Arab Emirates, which established diplomatic ties in 2020 and work closely with Washington on regional security, have developed indigenous unmanned assets.

“No navy acting alone can protect against all the threats here in this region. The region is simply too big. We must address this in a coordinated multinational way,” Cooper said.

Yemen’s Iran-aligned Houthi movement, which is fighting a Saudi Arabian-led military coalition and recently carried out mostly failed drone and missile strikes on the UAE, has also targeted vessels off the Yemeni coast.

It’s well established that Iran is the principal security threat in the region,” Cooper said.

The Fifth Fleet has used unmanned vessels in exercises since November, he said, racking up thousands of operating hours.